Which developmental change is often associated with psychological and emotional changes during adolescence?

The onset of menstruation, or menarche, is a significant milestone in female adolescents that is closely tied to various psychological and emotional changes. This physiological change marks the beginning of a female's reproductive capability and is commonly accompanied by shifts in body image, self-esteem, and identity. During this time, adolescents may experience heightened emotional responses and increased stress related to their developing sexuality and societal expectations.

In contrast, while breast development, pubic hair growth, and axillary hair development are all important physical changes during adolescence, they are primarily related to the physical maturation process rather than to distinct psychological or emotional changes. These other changes do not typically elicit the same level of psychological response or societal implications as menstruation does, which is more directly linked to the development of a sense of adulthood, responsibility, and social interactions.