What is a significant risk factor for falls in the elderly?

Poor vision is a significant risk factor for falls in the elderly because it directly impacts an individual's ability to perceive their environment accurately. As people age, they may experience various visual impairments such as cataracts, macular degeneration, or glaucoma, which can hinder depth perception, contrast sensitivity, and overall visual acuity. When seniors have difficulty seeing obstacles or changes in surfaces, such as uneven flooring or steps, the likelihood of tripping or losing balance increases, consequently raising their risk of falls.

In contrast, high levels of physical activity generally enhance balance, strength, and overall coordination, making falls less likely. Regular medication use can lead to side effects such as dizziness or drowsiness, but not every older adult on medication experiences these issues, and many benefit from their prescriptions. Good nutrition fosters overall health and can contribute to stronger bones and improved physical function, which are protective factors against falls rather than risk factors.